Podilian Bulletin: agriculture, engineering, economics

IMPROVEMENT AGROTECHNICS OF GROWING COMMON BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM L.) IN THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE

2025-06-19T12:19:45+03:00

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of humic preparations on the growth and development of basil plants in the western Forest-steppe of Ukraine. It was found that when treated with the humic preparation Fulvigrain Stimulus, the level of malondialdehyde content decreased by 1.5–1.8 times compared to the control. The use of the preparation Naturvital Plus ensured the content of malondialdehyde at the level of 0.24 nmol/mg, which is 45% less compared to the control. The use of biological preparations affects the increase in the concentration of essential oil in the leaves of basil of the Edwina variety. Thus, the highest content of essential oil was in the variant with the addition of the preparation Naturvital Plus – 1.81%. It was found that the greatest height of plants of the Edwina variety was when using the drug Naturvital Plus – 43.4 cm, which is 9.5 cm higher than the control. The use of the drug Fulvigrain Stimulus allowed to obtain a plant height of 40.9 cm, which is 7.0 cm higher compared to the control. The smallest increase in the height of plants of the common basil variety Edwina was obtained with the application of Gumifield Forte Amino (37.4 cm). Over the years of research, it has been determined that the use of the drug Fulvigrain Stimulus allowed to obtain a plant mass of 100 g, which is 34 g more than the control. The use of Humifield Forte Amino allowed to obtain an increase of 25.3 g. The greatest increase in plant mass was with the use of the humic drug Naturvital Plus – 57.2 g. It was found that when treating crops with the drug Fulvigrain Stimulus, the plant diameter increased by 6.4 cm, Humifield Forte Amino – by 3.8 cm, and Naturvital Plus – by 11.8 cm. The use of humic drugs also has a positive effect on the number of leaves and inflorescences on one plant of common basil of the Edwina variety. Thus, the largest number of leaves was observed when applying the drug Naturvital Plus – 88.6 pcs., which is 57.1% higher than the control. The largest number of inflorescences was when applying the drug Naturvital Plus – 18.1 pcs., which is 3.3 pcs. more than the control.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE COMBINED USE OF HERBICIDES AND BIOSTIMULANTS IN CORN

2025-06-19T12:24:01+03:00

The issue of optimizing the combination of herbicides and biostimulants in agriculture is highly relevant due to the need to increase corn yield while minimizing stress factors and conserving resources. The introduction of biostimulants into crop nutrition systems aims not only to boost yield but also to enhance plant stress resistance, reduce the negative impact of herbicides, and improve product quality. However, the combined application of these products can have both positive and negative consequences, necessitating detailed research. The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of the joint application of herbicides and seaweed-based biostimulants and to assess their impact on corn yield under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. To achieve this, a series of field experiments were conducted using different combinations of herbicides and biostimulants to evaluate their effectiveness and feasibility. The research was carried out between 2022 and 2024 at the enterprise LLC “Agro-Slava 2017” in the Khmelnytskyi region, Kamianets-Podilskyi district. This article examines the peculiarities of the combined use of herbicides and biostimulants in corn, analyzing their interactions and impact on grain yield and quality. The study established that the effectiveness of herbicide and biostimulant combinations depends on the composition of the products and their influence on plant physiological processes. The highest yield was achieved with the application of a herbicide combination of rimsulfuron + 2.4-D + florasulam, which effectively controlled weeds, particularly broadleaf species. The addition of biostimulants to herbicides produced mixed results: in some cases, they improved crop structure, while in others, they intensified herbicidal stress. Seaweed-based biostimulants influenced the formation of the number of ears per plant, especially Biostimulant 2, which contains a rich complex of phytohormones. However, additional ears often remained underdeveloped, which did not always lead to increased yields. Meanwhile, Biostimulant 1 positively affected structural yield elements, such as the number of kernel rows. In contrast, combinations of herbicides with Biostimulant 2, although promoting active plant growth, reduced the qualitative yield indicators. It was found that the combination of 2.4-D-based herbicides with biostimulants containing natural auxins could trigger a synergistic phytotoxic effect. In some cases, yield reduction was observed due to hormonal imbalances and intensified herbicidal stress. The obtained results highlight the need for further research on the interaction between herbicides and biostimulants, particularly in the context of increasing plant resistance to stress factors and improving yield quality characteristics. The implementation of rational application schemes for these products can ensure effective weed control while minimizing adverse effects on the crop.

APPROXIMATION OF DATA DETERMINED BY THE SEDIMENTATION METHOD ACCORDING TO DSTU ISO 11277:2005 AND BY THE LASER DIFFRACTION METHOD

2025-06-19T12:27:55+03:00

The laser diffraction method is actively used in world practice for the analysis of textural characteristics of soils. But at present in Ukraine, unlike developed countries, research on the use of the laser diffraction method for determining the grain size distribution of soils is at an initial stage and requires further research and adaptation in the conditions of Ukraine. The aim of the article is to highlight the aspects of measuring the grain size distribution when approximating data determined by the sedimentation method according to DSTU ISO 11277:2005 and by the laser diffraction method. on the example of the Mastersizer 3000E laser particle analyzer from Malvern Instruments with a Hydro EV liquid dispersion module. The article presents the optimal settings of a laser diffractometer when measuring the grain size distribution of soil, an improved method of sample preparation before measurement on the device, and a method for selecting optimal refractive indices of samples, according to which the refractive index is taken according to the smallest total difference. It was established that the optimal refractive index when approximating the data of the laser diffraction method and the data according to DSTU ISO 11277:2005 for soils of the accumulative series (typical chernozem, ordinary chernozem and dark chestnut solonetzic) is 1.41, for the podzolized series (podzolized chernozem, gray forest) – 1.42, for the podzolic series (sodden podzolized) – 1.43. At the same time, the difference in fractions between the methods for soils of the accumulative series does not exceed 3.5%, for the podzolized series – does not exceed 5.6%, for the podzolic series – does not exceed 6.5%. It was established that when preparing a soil sample in accordance with DSTU ISO 11277:2005 and with the proposed optimal refractive indices according to the data determined by the laser diffraction method, the soil texture is the same as according to DSTU ISO 11277:2005. That is, the laser diffraction method can serve as an alternative to the classical sedimentation method.

RESPONSE OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES OF LUTESCENS AND ERYTHROSPERMUM TO SOWING TIMES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2025-06-19T12:30:58+03:00

To obtain high and stable grain yields, favorable weather conditions are necessary throughout the entire vegetation period of plants, but the latter depend on natural factors that cannot be adjusted. By changing the sowing dates within acceptable limits, it is possible to influence the provision of plants with heat and solar radiation, that is, indirectly optimize the biotic and abiotic factors of the vital activity of grain crops. Winter wheat plants of different varieties have genetic differences in their needs for sowing dates, therefore, establishing the most favorable dates is of scientific and practical importance. The purpose of the research was to establish the most favorable sowing dates for winter wheat varieties Erythrospermum and Lutescens in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The varieties of winter wheat Vezha (Lutescens) and Yuzovska (Erythrospermum) were used for the research. It was found that at later sowing dates (October 15 and October 25), the interphase period sowing-seedlings is extended compared to early dates by an average of one day, regardless of the variety. It was found that at the first sowing date (September 15), the longest autumn vegetation period was in the Yuzovska variety. When compared with the average multi-year norm, this indicator was 3 days longer. At later sowing dates, the duration of the autumn vegetation period gradually decreased regardless of the variety. Biometric indicators of winter wheat plants at the end of the tillering phase depended on both the sowing date and the variety under study. The highest tillering coefficient in the Vezha (Lutescens) variety was formed when sowing on September 15 – 2.82. Plants of the Yuzovska variety (Erythrospermum) at this sowing date formed a tillering coefficient of 2.77. The highest coefficients of productive tillering at the end of the growing season (2.15 and 1.83) of the Yuzovska variety (Erythrospermum) were formed by plants sown on September 15 and October 5, respectively. The best biometric indicators of plants of the Vezha variety (Lutescens) at the end of the growing season were formed during the first two sowing dates – September 15 and September 25, providing coefficients of productive tillering at the level of 2.03 and 1.88, respectively. Thus, it was established that the varieties of both varieties had the best biometric indicators for the sowing date of September 15.

INFLUENCE OF PARAMETERS OF LIGHT PROGRAMS ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF TURKEYS

2025-06-19T12:35:10+03:00

The article provides the results of research on the study of the impact on the productive and reproductive indicators of turkeys of the developed resource -saving lighting mode when applying different levels of illumination. The duration of the research period was 24 weeks. During the study period, the death and culling of a bird related to the parameters of light programs under study was not noted. In an adult bird in the reproductive period, the relevant light programs stimulate the beginning of oviposition and maintain the required level of gonadotropic hormones in the body, which enhance the function of reproduction organs. It is established that with insufficient light duration and light levels of gonadotropic hormones, the function of reproduction organs decreases, the oviposition is reduced, and the activity of the thyroid gland and the release of thyroxine hormone during this period increases, which stimulates the molting. More eggs of calculation per 1 turkey was obtained in a group, which used the experimental lighting program (52.6 pcs.) Under the normative regime, eggs were obtained at the average turkey by 12.6% less (46.7 pieces) than when applying the experimental. The exit of incubation eggs in all groups was high enough – within 79.8 in the control group and 89.9% experimental indicating the advantage of the latter. It was noted that the highest output of the output of the outputs was observed in the experimental group, which used the experimental lighting mode. In this group, it was 4.9% higher than when applying the typical parameters of the light program. In the experimental group, 28.7 % more was obtained by young animals per 1 turkey. Parameters of light programs (light spectrum, light intensity and duration of photoperiods) are a significant factor in influencing growth, development, productive and reproductive turkeys.

MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF BIOAEROSOL IN PIG FATTENING PENS

2025-06-19T12:38:44+03:00

It is well known that for the comfort of animals in the premises, it is necessary that the microclimate parameters do not differ significantly from the atmospheric one. However, the high concentration of animals in a small area and the storage of waste (manure, urine) in the baths under the floor for a certain time create conditions that negatively affect the quality of the microclimate. In this regard, various modern systems are being introduced to optimally ensure the microclimate, through computerized regulation by supplying fresh air from the outside environment. This study aimed to conduct a microbiological assessment of bioaerosol in pig fattening pens to develop strategies for improving the microclimate conditions of the farm. It was established that the content of MAFAnM and fungi in the bioaerosol of pig fattening pens depended on the season and duration of fattening. In the winter months, the number of MAFAnM in the bioaerosol of pig farms during the entire period of pig fattening was 8,0 and 2,8 times higher than in the summer and autumn months. In particular, in winter, the number of MAFAnM and fungi in the bioaerosol after 2,5 months of fattening was 8,8 ± 0,3 × 105 and 1,3 ± 0,08 × 103 CFU/m3, respectively, and in summer 1,1 ± 0,09×105 and 8,1 ± 0,2 × 102 CFU/m3, respectively. A relatively low genus and species variation in the composition of the microflora of the bioaerosol of pig farms during the year was found. Since the main representatives of the bioaerosol microbiota during the year were unchanged and consisted of staphylococci, micrococci and streptococci, which accounted for 50–60% of all identified bacteria. Gram-negative forms of bacteria make up from 20 to 26% of the bioaerosol composition throughout the year. From the bioaerosol of pig fattening premises in the summer and winter periods, conditionally pathogenic species of staphylococci (S. aureus), pseudomonads (P. aeruginosa), which can be causative agents of various inflammatory processes, are released in small quantities. Therefore, to ensure a comfortable environment in a pig fattening facility, it is necessary to establish an appropriate ventilation system, which must be well designed and managed, since it significantly affects the concentration of bioaerosols in the pig house.

EFFECTIVENESS OF TANKS AGAINST THE COMPLEX OF HARMFUL BIOTA IN SPRING BARLEY CROPS

2025-06-19T12:48:00+03:00

Seed treatment is a mandatory environmentally and economically beneficial measure in modern technologies for growing spring barley. Seed treatments are highly effective against harmful biota at the initial stage of crop organogenesis – from the emergence of seedlings to the tillering phase. The aim of the work is to increase the effectiveness of barley protection by using tank mixtures of insecticidal, fungicidal and insecto-fungicidal treatments with micronutrients. The study was conducted in spring barley crops of the Helios variety at the educational and research field of the Polissia National University. It was found that the insecticide-fungicide Celeste Top 312.5 FS, TN (1.5 l/t) and the tank mixture of insecticide Gaucho EVO 275 FS, TH (2.0 l/t) with fungicide Maxim Star 0.25 FS, TH (1.5 l/t) when treating spring barley seeds were quite effective against mold fungi of the species Penicillium viridicatum Westling., Aspergillus glaucus L., Mucor mucedo Fresen, the causative agent of helminthic root rot, leafhoppers, and cereal flies. The use of microfertilizers Bactolive Seed, ZP (0.1 kg/t) and Vertibiomag-M, r. (6 l/t) with the test pesticides increased the field germination of spring barley seeds by an average of 5–6% compared to the control variant. The addition of microfertilizers increased the effectiveness of pesticides against helminthic root rot of barley in the tube phase by 1.3–5.9% (Celest Top 312.5 FS, TN, 1.5 l/t + fertilizer) and by 15.6–17% (Gaucho EVO 275 FS, TH, 2.0 l/t + Maxim Star 0.25 FS, TH, 1.5 l/t + fertilizer); in the waxy ripeness phase by – 4.9–8.5% and 14–16.8%, respectively, compared to the option without fertilizers. The results of the evaluation of the insect-fungicide Celeste Top 312.5 FS, TH, 1.5 l/t and the insecticidal-fungicidal mixture (Gaucho EVO 275 FS, TH, 2.0 l/t + Maxim Star 0.25 FS, TH, 1.5 l/t) separately and in combination with microfertilizers revealed a positive effect on the formation of elements of the crop structure and yield of spring barley. The combined use of pesticides and fertilizers contributed to a significant increase in barley yield by an average of 1.2–1.36 t/ha compared to the control variant.

GROWTH OF VEGETATIVE MASS OF ENERGY WILLOW IN THE SECOND GROWING SEASON DEPENDING ON THE TERM OF HARVESTING OF PLANTING MATERIAL AND APPLICATION OF ABSORBENT GEL

2025-06-19T12:50:43+03:00

This study aimed to elucidate the specific patterns in the development of biometric parameters in two energy willow (Salix L.) species within second-year vegetation plantations. The investigation specifically focused on the influence of two key factors: the timing of planting material (shoot) harvesting and the pre-planting treatment of cuttings with an absorbent. The research was conducted over a three-year period, from 2020 to 2022, at the experimental field of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, situated in the Kyiv region. This location falls within the zone of unstable moisture characteristic of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The object of the study was two types of energy willow: Salix triandra L. ‘Panfilska’ and Salix viminalis L. ‘Zbruch’. Every year, in the third decade of March – first decade of April, the plantations were established with standard cuttings 20–25 cm long and 2.0–2.5 cm in diameter with three to four well-developed buds. During the growing season, the following biometric parameters were determined monthly: average plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of stems per bush (pcs.). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using analysis of variance to determine the reliability of differences between the experimental variants. The findings of this investigation demonstrated a statistically significant impact of both the planting material harvesting period and the application of a gel-absorbent on the development of biometric characteristics of the energy willow plantations during their second year of vegetation. The study revealed that the number of surviving plants, as well as the height and stem diameter of the energy willow, exhibited dependence on varietal characteristics when assessed dynamically throughout the growing season and averaged over the threeyear study period. Furthermore, the application of the gel-absorbent exhibited a differential effect based on both the variety and the harvesting period. Specifically, the use of the gel-absorbent promoted an increase in plant height and stem diameter in the ‘Panfilska’ variety when shoots were harvested in autumn. Conversely, in the ‘Zbruch’ variety, a more pronounced growth in these parameters was observed with spring harvesting in conjunction with the gel-absorbent treatment.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CLIMATE-ORIENTED LIVESTOCK WELFARE FOR ENSURING HIGH LEVELS OF ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF ANIMAL RAW MATERIALS

2025-06-19T14:13:53+03:00

The article explores the importance of climate-oriented livestock welfare as a key factor in ensuring high productivity of farm animals and improving the quality of livestock raw materials. Climatic conditions play a key role in ensuring animal welfare and production efficiency in livestock production. Climate change, temperature fluctuations, humidity, wind speed and other environmental factors directly affect the physiological state of animals, their growth, reproductive capacity and productivity. The main environmental and technological aspects of animal husbandry are discussed, including the impact of temperature, humidity, air quality, lighting and noise on the physiological state and productivity of animals. Particular attention is paid to the impact of climate change on animal welfare and the development of adaptive approaches to animal husbandry, including the use of modern ventilation, cooling, and insulation systems, automated monitoring of microclimate parameters, and reduction of heat stress. Ensuring optimal microclimatic conditions in livestock farms helps to reduce stress factors that negatively affect animal health and productivity. Implementation of adaptation strategies, such as the use of modern ventilation systems, temperature and humidity control, and innovative approaches to feeding and housing, minimizes the impact of negative climate change. This helps to increase milk yield, live weight gain and improve the quality of livestock meat products. The article analyzes the benefits of introducing innovative technologies in the field of climate management, which help to reduce the negative impact of the environment, increase the efficiency of feeding and preserve animal health. The article also considers aspects of microclimate optimization in livestock farms, which can reduce treatment costs and increase production profitability. The prospects for further development of climate-adapted animal husbandry systems that meet modern requirements of sustainable development, biosafety and environmental responsibility are highlighted.

RESULTS OF RESEARCH OF SOIL COMPACTNESS

2025-06-19T14:21:48+03:00

The problem of soil compaction is as follows: compacted soils are harder and more difficult to cultivate; compaction limits the management of groundwater, trapping water near the field surface, reducing water penetration into the lower soil layers, while limiting the ability of plants to raise moisture and nutrients from the lower soil layers; the overcompacted soil zone does not allow for the effective use of fertilizers and pesticides, and if they are not absorbed by the soil, they can be easily washed away, which leads to environmental pollution and reduced crop yields; in compacted soils, the rate of air exchange and nitrogen mineralization decreases. A threat to the crop is plow sole, which is a man-made problem. This is a compacted layer of soil in the arable layer, which arises as a result of the pressure of the working bodies of soil-tillage units at the same depth of cultivation. In this case, the soil structure is destroyed, the number of dust-like particles increases, which subsequently sink into the arable layer and the soil profile becomes denser, soil pores are clogged, a waterproof layer is formed, which is called the plow sole. The article presents the results of a practical study of soil compactness on the lands of the limited liability company “Corporation “Kolos-VS” with a DICKEY-john manual penetrometer, which provides measurement of soil compactness in pounds per square inch on the dial of a manometer with two scales (for two different conical tips). To convert the readings of the penetrometer manometer from PSI units (pounds per square inch) to metric units (kg per square centimeter), we proposed an analytical dependence and built a corresponding nomogram. The research was conducted on thirteen fields of the limited liability company “Corporation “Kolos-VS”. In each field, the number of measurement points on the main area of the field and on their turning strips was determined, the average depth of critical soil compaction, its standard deviation and coefficient of variation, the range of change in the depth of critical soil compaction. At the same time, the average value of critical soil compaction, its standard deviation, coefficient of variation and the range of change in critical soil density were determined. For each studied field, conclusions were drawn and proposals were made to the limited liability company “Corporation “Kolos-VS” regarding soil decompression by deep loosening.

ECOLOGICAL TESTING OF MID-SEASON VARIETIES OF SOYBEAN IN CONTRASTING CONDITIONS OF ENVIRONMENT

2025-06-19T14:47:23+03:00

The purpose of the study was to study the dynamics of the formation of the yield of mid-season cultavars of soybeans in different climatic zones of Ukraine depending on weather conditions and assess their adaptive capacity. During 2023–2024, 14 new soybean varieties of the mid-season group of Ukrainian selection – Titan st, Inguz, Turizas – Austria; Dara, Tersia, Neptune – Canada; ES VISITOR, ES KOLEKTOR, ES KOMPOZITOR – France; Vitalina, Zeus Carmelita – Poland) were studied in field conditions in the Odessa (Steppe), Cherkasy (Forest-Steppe) and Zhytomyr (Polissya) regions, recommended for the Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Polissya of Ukraine, the Titan cultavar was taken as the standard as the most tested. Statistical data processing was carried out using generally accepted methods of field and genetic-statistical research using the Statistica 12 program. As a result of the research, the adaptive capacity of varieties was determined by the “yield” indicator and the strength of the correlation between the yield level and the climatic conditions of the growing zones was established. As a result, the most adapted, stable and high-yielding varieties were identified for different climatic zones of Ukraine. The yield of soybeans varied greatly depending on the growing zone – 1.53 t ha-1 – Steppe, 2.31 t ha-1 – Forest-steppe, 2.4 t ha-1 – Polissya. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a stable and high yield were determined as Forest-Steppe (CVG/CVE = 0.89) and Steppe (CVG/CVE = 0.86), and the generalized ratio of the coefficients of genetic (CVG) and ecological (CVE) variation (0.98) confirmed that the conditions of Ukraine are favorable for the realization of the biological potential of mid-season soybean varieties. The most adapted soybean varieties of the mid-season group are recommended for cultivation in different climatic zones of Ukraine: stably high-yielding ES VIZITOR (2.46 t ha-1) and ES KOLEKTOR (2.41 t ha-1) and the unstable high-yielding variety Alicia (2.41 t ha-1). Also, stably low-yielding soybean varieties Vitalina, Inguz, Turizas and Dara were determined – 1.77–1.86 t ha-1. The conducted research contributed to the identification of the most productive soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in different climatic zones of Ukraine. The calculated statistical models will contribute to the prediction of yield and optimization of crop cultivation.

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN UKRAINE

2025-06-19T14:57:55+03:00

It was determined that the accumulation of material on land resources in Ukraine occurs in different ways and is concentrated in institutions that conduct research on the state of land use in accordance with their focus. On a country-wide scale, land information is collected in large quantities and is unreliable, which makes it impossible to create an effective information system. And even the presence of a procedure for maintaining the state land cadastre does not solve the problem of obtaining reliable and up-to-date information. The land use information system in Ukraine is represented by the state land cadastre management system. That is, the land information system is directly related to the land cadastre. If we do not use the data of the land cadastre information system, then none of the land use management functions will be implemented, because the information determined by the complex of land and cadastral data will not correspond to data on land use. The State Land Registry of Ukraine today has a significant number of problems, including: uncertainty of the legal status of land cadastre information and the procedure for maintaining the cadastre, insufficient reliability and completeness of land cadastre information. Information support for the agricultural sector contributes to balanced land use, information is of great importance in the agricultural sector, as it is the basis for analyzing the existing land use environment, which must meet the criteria of rational and environmental safety, we can also include determining the ecological suitability of lands for growing certain crops, developing crop rotations for agriculture.

ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS OF YELLOW LUPINE BREEDING IN THE CONDITIONS OF POLISSIA OF UKRAINE

2025-06-19T15:01:07+03:00

Yellow lupine Lupinusluteus is a culture of light sandy and sandy soils. The Volyn DSGDS of the ISG of the Carpathian region of the National Academy of Sciences is located in the Western Polissia zone of Ukraine, where light sandy and sandy soils prevail, which is best suited for growing yellow fodder lupine. For more than 60 years, the Volyn Agricultural Research Station has been dealing with issues of selection and seed production of yellow fodder lupine. Scientific work continues to this day. The collection of the culture’s gene pool, as well as its own breeding material, was used as the starting material for the creation of lupine varieties. In all nurseries and variety tests, the Svityaz variety is accepted as the standard. 82 numbers were studied in the nursery of the competitive variety test for the years 2016–2020. In the competition nursery, the seeds of the best numbers, which were selected in the control and preliminary variety tests, were sown. The standard – the Svityaz variety – was sown every 5 numbers. Alkaloid analysis was carried out – no alkaloid plants were found. In terms of grain yield of the studied genotypes, on average over the reporting years, the standard variety with a yield of 1.98 t/ha exceeded almost all numbers, except for hybrid combinations under field numbers 45 and 48, where the yield was close to the standard grain yield (+0.10, +0.01 t/ha respectively). The average grain yield in the nursery was 1.85 t/ha. The height of the plants ranged from 54.2 to 57.7 cm. As a result of the phytopathological evaluation in the competitive nursery for resistance to Fusarium wilt and viral narrow-leaved. The breeding work of the Volyn DSGDS ISG of the Carpathian region of the National Academy of Sciences is aimed at creating varieties that would give a significant increase in grain and green mass and be resistant to major diseases and the introduction into production of new domestic high-yielding varieties of yellow lupine adapted to the conditions of the Western Polissia of Ukraine. In 2021, the yellow lupine variety – DarunokPolissya was entered into the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. Botanical taxon Lupinusluteus Species maculatus. A variety of grain and fodder direction.

FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS FOR SOWING WINTER CABBAGE CROPS

2025-06-19T15:08:50+03:00

The article presents the results of scientific research on the impact of the application of organo-mineral fertilizers on the productivity of winter rapeseed and buttercup crops, which largely depend on soil fertility and soil and climatic conditions of the research. According to the results of the research, it was found that on sod-podzolic medium loam soil, the yield of green mass of winter rapeseed of the Dembo variety, harvested in the flowering phase, on the control plot (without fertilizer application) was 19.2 t/ha, while on the variant with the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P90K90 kg/ha of active substance – 28.1 t/ha, and on the variant N180P90K90 – 40.3 t/ha, respectively. Our calculations of quality indicators established the collection of feed units – 4.6–4.8 t/ha, digestible protein – 0.52 t/ha, while providing one feed unit with 131–132 g of protein. The yield of green mass of the Cheremosh variety on the control plot (without fertilizer application) was 21.4 t/ha, on the variants with the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P90K90 – 32.3 t/ha, and at a dose of N180P90K90 – 42.6 t/ha, with a protein content of 138–142 g per feed unit. It was determined that the use of mineral fertilizers affected the yield and quality of green mass of winter (ordinary) sorghum of the Oriana variety. So, on the plot without mineral fertilizers, the yield was 29.6 t/ha. When applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N180P90K90, the yield of green mass was 39.6 t/ha with a protein content in green mass of 2.8–3.1%, and with the N90P90K90 variant – 35.8 t/ha. The use of mineral fertilizers allowed to obtain an increase in the yield of green mass of winter ryegrass of the Ramira variety at the level of 3.5 t/ha on the N90P90K90 variant, and on the N180P90K90 variant – 7.6 t/ha and a protein content of 2.2–2.8% compared to the control (without fertilizer application) of 24.3 t/ha. Thus, the effectiveness of using organo-mineral fertilizers on winter rapeseed and buttercup crops largely depends on the dose, timing, and methods of their application.

INFLUENCE OF SOWING TIME, VARIETY AND FERTILIZATION ON THE FRACTIONAL AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF COMMON BEAN GRAIN PROTEIN

2025-06-19T15:14:41+03:00

The influence of sowing dates and fertilization on the amino acid composition of the protein of the grain of common bean varieties Phaseolus vulgaris L. was studied. The value of beans is primarily determined by the increased content of highly soluble and digestible protein in the grain, which is digested better than the protein of other legumes. According to the chemical composition, bean seeds contain, %: protein 17–33, fat – 0.8–3.6, starch – 50–60, fiber – 5–8, sugar – 5–6, ash – about 4%. Bean protein is represented by a large number of valuable amino acids necessary for nutrition, namely, %: arginine – 8.1–9.9, histidine – 2.3–3.6, lysine – 3.4–5.7, methionine – 1.7–1.9, tyrosine – 2.4–3, tryptophan – 0.8–1.8, cystine – 1.2–1.6. Sugars are mainly glucose, fructose and sucrose. Bean seeds also contain minerals, %: K2O – 1.72, Na2O – 0.06, CaO – 0.24, MoO – 0.29, P2O5 – 1.38. The change in the qualitative composition depends on the studied factors. In dry climates, during the growth and development of bean plants, more globulins and less water-soluble proteins accumulate in the seeds, especially during ripening, compared to more favorable conditions. Bean seeds contain all essential amino acids, but some of them are not enough, in particular methionine. In addition, the content of free amino acids is influenced by the conditions of plant nutrition. Thus, increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers change their indicators. At the same dose of nitrogen, less productive varieties accumulate relatively more protein, compared to highly productive varieties, which differ in the intensity of photosynthetic activity and the ability to synthesize them under conditions of sufficient nitrogen nutrition. The results of the studies showed that depending on the sowing dates, varieties and fertilization, the qualitative composition of bean grain changed. The highest indicators of total nitrogen content were established from sowing 30.04–1.05 and 21–23.05 with average values of 4.36 and 4.30%, respectively. With the introduction of fertilizers, the indicators of total nitrogen from sowing 21–23.04 and 30.04–1.05 were 4.11 and 4.04%. The content of sulfur-containing amino acids in the protein of common beans decreases from early to later sowing dates. In the Mavka variety, the sowing dates did not affect the indicators of this group of amino acids. In the sum of essential amino acids, the largest share is in lysine – 20–25%, leucine – 20–25%, phenylalanine – 14–18%, the smallest – in methionine – 0.4–3.2%.

AGROTECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF GROWING POPLAR AS AN ENERGY CROP UNDER UKRAINIAN CONDITIONS

2025-06-19T15:36:50+03:00

The article discusses the prospects of growing poplar as an energy crop under Ukrainian conditions. It describes its high productivity, economic efficiency, and environmental advantages. An analysis of the poplar variety composition is provided, including natural species (Populus nigra, Populus alba, Populus deltoides) and their hybrids (Populus nigra × Populus deltoides, Populus × euramericana, Populus trichocarpa × Populus deltoides). The main factors affecting plantation productivity are identified, including soil type, moisture level, nutrient availability, and climatic conditions. Technological aspects of establishing and maintaining poplar energy plantations are outlined, particularly the selection of quality planting material, propagation methods (by seedlings or cuttings), and optimal agronomic practices, including irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control. The results of research on the adaptability of poplar to various soil and climatic conditions in Ukraine and its ability to quickly accumulate biomass, making it a valuable source of renewable energy, are presented. Significant attention is given to the environmental aspects of growing poplar, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preventing soil erosion, improving water balance, pollution filtration, and promoting biodiversity. The role of poplar plantations in enhancing the ecological stability of agro-landscapes and their contribution to the implementation of sustainable development is highlighted. Data on the ability of poplar plantations to effectively absorb carbon dioxide and their role in reducing the negative impact of industrial pollution are provided. The importance of developing energy forestry in the context of enhancing Ukraine’s energy independence and expanding the use of renewable energy sources is also analyzed. The need for improving agrotechnologies to increase biomass yield, reduce production costs, and stimulate the development of green energy is emphasized. Thus, growing poplar as an energy crop is a strategically important direction that contributes to energy security, environmental stability, and economic benefits for Ukraine’s agricultural sector. The implementation of modern poplar cultivation technologies and the improvement of the regulatory framework will enhance the effectiveness of this direction, ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources and the development of bioenergy.

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF FORMATIONAL MINERALIZED WATER ON CULTIVATED PLANTS AND WEEDS

2025-06-19T15:57:49+03:00

Currently, in Ukraine, due to the economic and energy crisis, as well as increased requirements for the implementation of environmentally sound technologies, the problem of protecting crops from weeds by inexpensive and effective means has arisen. In this regard, the search for new methods of weed control is becoming especially relevant, while it is desirable that these methods are not technologically complex and, most importantly, that their application in farms does not require large financial costs. In view of this, we were set the goal of the work, which was aimed at studying the intracellular mechanism of the phytotoxic effect of mineralized water on winter wheat and corn plants and weeds. The conducted studies of the influence of mineralized water on the subcellular organization of the studied plant objects allowed us to establish a number of facts confirming their diverse effect on cultivated plants and weeds. The effect of mineralized spring water on the chloroplasts of weed cells leads to disorganization, destruction, and loss of order in the localization of membranes in these organelles. Moreover, in weed cells, the volume of these organelles does not increase (as in cultivated plants), but rather decreases. It was determined that after spraying weeds with mineralized water, the volume fraction of mitochondria decreases, and the volume fraction of mitochondria in winter wheat and corn cells increases under the influence of mineralized water. Therefore, the functions inherent in mitochondria (ATP biosynthesis) in weed cells are disrupted. Comparative analysis shows that when using mineralized water, the increase in the volume fraction of mitochondria in winter wheat plant cells occurs less intensively than in corn cells. In weeds, there are more volume fractions of chloroplasts and mitochondria, which determine their high ability to obtain and transform energy. Under the influence of mineralized water, their number per unit volume of cells decreases sharply, and this causes a decrease in the structural and functional indicators of cells and their viability in general. It was determined that in weeds, under the influence of mineralized aquifer water, such a reorganization of the organization of cellular components occurs, as a result of which the chaoticity increases and the orderliness decreases, occurring in the cells of the processes. It was also established that the growth-regulating effect of mineralized aquifer water is due to the content of phytohormones Abscisic acid (ABA) and Zeatin.

ASSESSMENT OF BACTERICIDAL ACTION OF AQUEOUS OZONE TO DISINFECTED THE SURFACE OF EGGS

2025-06-19T16:25:56+03:00

Most egg shell contaminants occur immediately after the eggs are laid, and the main source of contamination is the contact of the shell with dirty surfaces. Therefore, the use of ecological safe and effective ways of decontamination of the surface of chicken eggs in the technology of egg production technology, the question is relevant, and the development is innovative and are quite promising. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimal bactericidal concentration and the protein index of aqueous ozone relative to museum strains of microorganisms. It was established that the most resistant to the aqueous form of ozone were spore -forming bacteria B. subtilis, for which minimal bactericidal concentration ozone was 1.53 mg/l, in the second place were yeast C. albicans – minimal bactericidal concentration – 1.23 mg/l, the average minimal bactericidal concentration was registered to S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa – 0.8 mg/l. The lowest bactericidal concentration (0.8-1.0 mg/l) of aqueous ozone on strains of conditionally pathogenic bacteria was manifested during an exposure of 12–15 min. For the destruction of E. coli and P. aeruginosa cells within one minute, it is necessary that the ozone concentration is 1.23 mg/l, and for S. aureus – 1.53 mg/l. Also, the bactericidal concentration of ozone on strains B. subtilis and C. albicans within 12–15 min of the exposure was 1.53 and 1.23 mg/l, respectively. Organic contamination naturally reduces the bactericidal concentration of ozone, in particular within three minutes of the exposure, on average 1.6 times, and for exposures for six minutes about 1.2 times. That is, to increase the efficiency of the water form of ozone in production conditions it is necessary to increase its concentration and time of influence. At the same time, in order to optimize the concentration of the water form of ozone and contact with microorganisms, it is necessary to carry out more thorough studies to establish all factors that can affect the disinfection process.

INFLUENCE OF HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS ON THE PASSAGE OF VEGETATION PHASES OF AMARANTH VARIETIES DEPENDING ON FERTILISER RATES

2025-06-19T16:37:13+03:00

Plant growth, development and yield formation are most dependent on five environmental factors: heat, moisture, light, air and mineral nutrients. The first four together form agrometeorological resources. Hydrothermal factors, such as precipitation, temperature and their distribution during the growing season, have the greatest impact on yields. The research on the peculiarities of the phenological phases of growth and development of amaranth plants was conducted at the experimental field of the Department of Plant Production Technologies of the Lviv National University Environmental during 2020–2023. The main factors influencing the growth and development of amaranth plants under conditions of sufficient moisture in the Western Forest-Steppe were determined. The duration of the growing season was determined by the varietal characteristics of the studied amaranth varieties. Increased air temperature accelerated the passage of vegetation phases of amaranth varieties. The longest inter-phase period of sowing-sowing (ВВСН 01-10) lasted 21 days in 2020 at a temperature of 10.8°C in May. The passage of the following phases of the amaranth vegetation varied depending on the rates of mineral fertiliser application and varietal characteristics of the studied varieties. The correlation coefficient between the level of fertilisation, variety and duration of the germination-budding period (ВВСН 11-50) was r = 0.93. The increased air temperature in July (21.7°C) contributed to a reduction in the duration of the budding-flowering period (ВВСН 51-60), depending on the fertiliser rate and the year of research. This is confirmed by the results of statistical analysis: a significant effect of air temperature on the passage of the budding-flowering period (ВВСН 51-60) was found, the correlation coefficient r = 53. Fertiliser rates had the greatest impact on the onset of the ripening phase and the duration of the growing season. The correlation coefficient between the level of fertilisation, variety and duration of the flowering-ripening period (ВВСН 61-89) and the length of the growing season was r = 0.88 and r = 0.97, respectively.

AQUATIC BIORESOURCES AND AQUACULTURE: GLOBAL TRENDS AND NATIONAL PROSPECTS

2025-06-20T08:00:07+03:00

The importance of the problems related to food security, food quality and safety, and healthy nutrition of the world’s population in general, and our country in particular, has led to the search for new ways and solutions in this area based on monitoring global trends and national prospects for the development of such an important area of agricultural business as aquaculture, which involves the artificial breeding and cultivation of aquatic bioresources for various needs, covering all living organisms living in the aquatic environment. Aquaculture products are rich in nutrients, including high quality protein, and therefore play a key role in ensuring food security. In addition, it is difficult to overestimate the role of this industry in food security, both globally and nationally, given the growing population and limited natural resources, as aquaculture provides approximately 17% of the world’s animal protein, and in some countries in Asia and Africa this figure exceeds 50%. The main global trends in aquaculture are aimed at increasing fish and seafood production while reducing the negative impact on the environment. Innovations, sustainable use of resources and support from governments and investors will drive the industry’s further development. A trend in this area of agribusiness is the “blue transformation”, a concept that aims to transform food systems that use aquatic bioresources to ensure food security, improve nutrition and create an affordable healthy diet for all people. Aquaculture in Ukraine has significant potential for development due to its natural resources and favorable climatic conditions. However, the industry faces a number of challenges, such as insufficient funding, outdated infrastructure and the effects of military operations. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to implement government programs aimed at supporting the sector, invest in modernizing production and introducing new technologies, attract investments that will help improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the industry, and develop export potential by entering international markets, which will open up new opportunities for growth and diversification. It is also necessary to focus on the sustainable development of aquaculture through the rational use of water resources and ecosystem conservation.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE PLACEMENT SCHEME AND PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD AND BIOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE COMMON MELON (CUCUMIS MELO L.) IN THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2025-06-20T08:21:53+03:00

The article highlights the results of the study of the impact of the arrangement of melon plants on productivity and biometric indicators. The research was conducted in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine (Uman, 48°46′N, 30°14′E) in 2023–2024. For the study the early-ripening melon hybrid Amal F1, intended for fresh consumption, which is considered one of the most popular melon hybrids in Ukrainian supermarket chains, was used. The research used the following plant placement schemes 1.4+0.4×0.5 m (K), 1.6+0.4×0.5 m, 1.8+0.4×0.5 m, 2 ,0+0.4×0.5 m, 2.2+0.4×0.5 m, 2.4+0.4×0.5 m. During the growing season, stem length was determined in different phenological phases of plant development, fruit weight, and productivity. Field and laboratory research methods were used to conduct the research. The experiment is laid out in accordance with the research methodology. As a result of research, it was established that the length of the stem depended significantly on the arrangement of the plants, the greater the distance between the plants, the longer the stem was. The largest length of the stem was formed using the placement scheme of 2.4+0.4×0.5 m and 2.2+0.4×0.5 m. Melons grown according to the schemes 2.0+0.4×0.5 and 2.4+0.4×0.5 formed the largest fruit mass and amounted to 2.0 and 1.9 kg, respectively. Plants grown according to the scheme 1.6 +0.4×0.5 had the lowest average yield, where the correspondence of the weight of the fruit to the number of plants per hectare does not ensure a better yield, as in the variants with a different placement scheme. The highest yield was recorded in melon grown according to the scheme of 2.0+0.4×0.5 m, and it was 53.8 t/ha, which is 5.95 t/ha more than in the control variant. The yield was strongly influenced by the distance between the plants, the greater the distance between the plants, the greater the weight of the fruit. Therefore, cultivation of common melon according to the scheme 2.0+0.4×0.5 provides better yield, with rational use of the land area.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING TICK INFESTATIONS IN DOGS

2025-06-20T09:12:06+03:00

Tick-borne invasions are among the most common diseases for both animals and humans. This study describes the spread of pathogens Demodex canis, Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis, and Otodectes cynotis in Ukraine over the past five years, and investigates the age-related characteristics of the diseases, as well as the impact of dog breed and sex on the intensity of the disease. The study, conducted from 2019 to 2023, covered 1,452 dogs belonging to owners from the Khmelnytskyi and Chernivtsi regions of Ukraine. Clinical examinations were carried out using standard methods, taking into account the localization and area of skin lesions, the presence of itching, and other symptoms. Deep skin scrapings were used to diagnose acaroses (scabies, otodectosis, demodicosis), as well as otoscopy to assess the condition of the ear mite. The study of acariform mites in dogs from 2019 to 2023 revealed that the main species of parasites affecting the animals were Otodectes cynotis, Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis, and Demodex canis. According to the results of the study, the most common diseases among dogs were demodicosis (6.3%), otodectosis (4.3%), and scabies (1.2%). The highest infestation rate was recorded in 2023, specifically for otodectosis (5.5%), demodicosis (7.5%), and scabies (1.4%). Age-related infection features were also studied, with a high infection rate observed in dogs aged 2–6 months, and a peak infection rate at 6–12 months. Breed and sex differences in disease occurrence were also considered: the most cases of otodectosis were found in mixed-breed dogs, while demodicosis was more common in mongrel animals. Female dogs were found to be more susceptible to mite infections compared to males. The obtained data will help to develop a comprehensive approach to the prevention of these diseases, taking into account the epidemiological situation in specific regions.

ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION ON FOOD SAFETY

2025-06-20T09:17:58+03:00

The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of international legislative acts and private standards by food market operators to ensure the production of safe foodstuffs are presented. In order to regulate food production, their quality, assortment, rules of sale, measures for the prevention of food poisoning, prevention of falsification, etc., state bodies issue laws, regulations, standards and instructions, the totality of which is called food legislation. However, the intensification and globalization of modern food production and interstate trade relations made it necessary to create international food legislation in order to implement stringent food safety requirements. In view of this, the Alimentarius Code has been adopted, private standards for controlling food safety have been applied. It is established that the implementation of BRC standard allows: to provide, if necessary, all food safety confirmation; products will meet all safety and quality requirements; BRC certification provides tools for improving the product, changing quality of work, improving safety; Possibility to reduce the amount of waste in the production process. In Ukraine, the provisions of punishment for the production of dangerous and substandard foods market operators, in particular, the Code of Administrative Offenses (Verkhovna Rada, 1984, changes, Verkhovna Rada), will be applied. In Art.166²² “Breach of food safety requirements” states that failure to fulfill the obligation to introduce permanent procedures (GVP, GMP, GHP, GLP), which are based on the principles of hazardous factors analysis and control points (NAZR) minimum incomes of citizens. The introduction of improperly labeled food – entails a fine on officials from 38 to 53 non – taxable minimum incomes of citizens. Food market operators that care about the competitiveness of their enterprise in the markets of products and the production of safe foodstuffs, compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for production of products, undoubtedly comply with the requirements of international standards.

EVALUATION OF EXISTING MILLIMETER-WAVE RADIATION SYSTEMS FOR PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT

2025-06-20T08:54:07+03:00

This paper explores the evaluation and potential development of millimeter-wave (MMW) radiation systems intended for presowing seed treatment in agricultural technologies. The study emphasizes the importance of using low-energy electromagnetic fields to enhance crop yields through informational influence on biological systems. A detailed analysis of existing radiation sources highlights the limitations of traditional vacuum electronic devices, such as backward wave oscillators, traveling wave tubes, and klystrons, which suffer from excessive size, high power consumption, low frequency stability, and complex cooling systems. As an alternative, the authors propose the use of semiconductor devices, particularly avalanche-transit time (IMPATT) diodes, which demonstrate advantages in terms of frequency stability, output power, size, efficiency, and manufacturability. The research focuses on the selection and optimization of resonator systems and antenna designs capable of generating effective electromagnetic radiation for continuousflow seed processing systems. Among various antenna types, waveguide-slot and surface wave antennas were analyzed and found to be suboptimal due to their narrow operational bandwidth and structural limitations. In contrast, horn antennas, especially H-sectoral horns, are identified as the most suitable emitters for seed treatment applications, owing to their broader bandwidth, better matching characteristics, and ability to form a directed radiation pattern with linear polarization. The paper concludes that further theoretical and experimental investigations are needed to develop high-frequency-stable MMW generators with output power levels of 2–3 W and to model the biotropic effects of electromagnetic fields based on the electrophysical properties of seeds. These findings contribute to the design of innovative, energy-efficient, and ecologically safe technologies aimed at increasing agricultural productivity through the application of modern physical principles in seed treatment processes.

DESIGN, 3D PRINTING AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PERCOLATIONFRACTAL COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

2025-06-20T09:03:30+03:00

The paper presents the results of studies of fractal-honeycomb composite structural elements manufactured by additive 3D printing. The main attention is paid to the study of the influence of the internal fractal structure and the level of filling on the mechanical characteristics of the samples. The research is aimed at determining the relationship between the parameters of internal filling (Q = 10%, 30%, 50%, 100%) and such indicators as mass, density, strength, and bearing capacity of the material. A methodology has been developed for modeling, designing, and calculating fractal structures with regard to operational reliability requirements, which allows the structures to be adapted to different mechanical loading conditions. The created digital models were used for 3D printing of physical samples using a composite filament based on a polymer matrix. A series of experimental compression tests were conducted, which showed a natural increase in the mechanical efficiency of the samples with an increase in the density of the internal filling. The maximum strength values are achieved at full filling, while at lower levels (Q = 10% and 30%) a significant decrease in bearing capacity and a decrease in resistance to deformation are observed. The results confirm that the relative bearing capacity of the samples increases with increasing bulk density, which is critical for the predicted use of structures in critical technical systems. The data analysis also revealed the optimal correlations between the indicators of lightness, strength, and stability, which opens up prospects for further improvement of design solutions. In particular, it is advisable to use fractal-honeycomb composite materials in medicine (orthopedic implants, prostheses), in high-tech engineering, in aerospace and unmanned aerial vehicles, where the parameters of mass and dimensional efficiency are critically important, as well as in the creation of energy-efficient, biocompatible and functionally adaptive engineering systems of a new generation.

PROSPECTS FOR GREEN PILGRIMAGE IN THE KHMELNYTSKYI REGION: THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CAMINO PODOLICO

2025-06-20T08:25:20+03:00

Religious tourism is one of the most dynamic areas of the tourism industry, combining spiritual experiences, cultural heritage and economic development of regions. One promising area is green pilgrimage, which involves environmentally responsible travel and digital technologies to improve the tourist experience. In this context, developing the Camino Podolico pilgrimage route in the Khmelnytskyi region is an important aspect that can contribute to preserving the natural environment, attracting international tourists and creating new opportunities for local communities. The study is based on an analysis of global practices in developing pilgrimage routes, particularly the experience of the Camino de Santiago in Spain. Digital technologies, such as mobile applications for navigation and booking, play a key role in increasing the route’s accessibility and improving communication among pilgrims. To analyze the tourist attractiveness of the Camino Podolico in the Khmelnytskyi region, the method of assessing the tourist readiness of the region (TDI) was applied, which includes a comprehensive assessment of such parameters as infrastructure, resource base, socio-economic level and competitive position. Each indicator was evaluated on a 5-point scale, which made it possible to determine the region’s generalized index of tourist attractiveness. The obtained TDI value of 3.12 indicates a moderate level of readiness of the Khmelnytskyi region to receive pilgrims and the need for further development of the route. To transform the Camino Podolico into a powerful tool for attracting tourists, a set of measures has been proposed, including activating the involvement of local entrepreneurs and organizations to create a developed network of budget accommodation and food for pilgrims, expanding the advertising campaign, as well as strengthening cooperation with international pilgrimage associations to popularize the route among foreign tourists. Thus, the study confirms that green pilgrimage tourism in the Khmelnytskyi region has significant potential, but its implementation requires an integrated approach, including infrastructure development, digital solutions and international cooperation. Camino Podolico can become essential for the region’s cultural and spiritual development and economic growth.

FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF AN ENTERPRISE: ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF NEGATIVE INFLUENCES

2025-06-20T08:41:10+03:00

The article substantiates the theoretical aspects of the essence and significance of the financial and economic potential of an enterprise in the conditions of negative influences. Analysis of scientific opinion regarding the category of financial and economic potential showed the presence of different approaches and assessments. It has been established that the financial and economic potential of an enterprise is formed on the basis of the functional relationship between financial and economic potentials, taking into account the specific features of each of them. The approaches to defining the content of the concepts of “economic potential of an enterprise” and “financial potential of an enterprise” are systematized, which interact and complement each other, creating a comprehensive picture of the financial and economic potential of an enterprise. This emphasizes the relevance and significance of financial and economic potential as a tool for management analysis and decision-making, especially in conditions of instability and transformations. It is found that financial and economic potential is associated with the process of attracting financial resources, their use, and is also closely related to the investment component of the enterprise’s strategy. It is determined that financial and economic potential should not be identified with financial resources, since it is a much broader concept and forms a mechanism for the dynamic transformation of resources into the results of the enterprise’s activities. The understanding of the financial and economic potential of separating the realized component (which is already used by the enterprise) and the reserve component (which can be activated in the future) has been deepened, which is important for making balanced management decisions in order to ensure the successful development and sustainability of the enterprise in conditions of market competition. It has been determined that full-scale invasion significantly affects the formation of the financial and economic potential of enterprises, determining new realities and challenges for the business environment.

ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2025-06-20T08:44:32+03:00

Modern agricultural enterprises face significant environmental challenges, including climate change, soil degradation, depletion of water resources, and increasing environmental regulations. These factors force producers to rethink their business models and implement strategic approaches aimed at reducing their environmental footprint. This article examines the impact of environmental factors on the agricultural sector and substantiates the necessity of integrating environmentally oriented strategic management. In particular, the implementation of precision farming technologies, organic production, circular economy principles, and renewable energy sources is analyzed. Special attention is paid to environmental risks affecting the economic efficiency of agribusiness and the opportunities for minimizing these risks through strategic innovations. The article substantiates key approaches to environmental management, including the use of digital technologies, the expansion of organic production, and the introduction of resource-saving agricultural methods. The international experience of integrating environmental strategies into agribusiness is studied, and the prospects for implementing similar initiatives in Ukraine are identified. Based on an analysis of current environmental threats and trends, specific measures are proposed to enhance the environmental sustainability of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The need for state support and international partnerships in the development of sustainable agricultural production is outlined. The research results indicate that the integration of environmental strategies into strategic management can contribute to long-term economic stability, improve the environmental situation, and increase the competitiveness of the agricultural sector.

INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS IN THE STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

2025-06-20T08:50:06+03:00

The article analyzes the role of digital marketing communications in the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization. The importance of implementing modern digital tools to increase the efficiency of agribusiness is considered, in particular through the automation of marketing processes, the use of analytics and big data (Big Data), as well as the integration of new technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The authors investigated the state of digital communications in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, identifying the main tools, in particular social networks, email marketing, CRM systems, and studied the level of their application in agricultural enterprises of various sizes. In particular, the level of digitalization of agricultural enterprises was analyzed, and the main barriers limiting the implementation of digital solutions were identified, including financial constraints, insufficient staff qualifications, and infrastructure problems. In addition, state support for the digitalization of agribusiness was considered, in particular through programs to support innovation and investment in digital technologies. The authors provided examples of the successful use of digital marketing communications during the military invasion of Ukraine to promote products, which can be used as models, in particular in small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for the development of digital marketing in agribusiness, including the improvement of interaction between producers and consumers through online platforms. In addition, the article identifies the main areas for further research, including studying the effectiveness of digital strategies in various segments of agribusiness, as well as assessing the impact of digital communications on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The article is of practical importance for agribusinesses seeking to implement modern digital technologies in their activities, as well as for researchers engaged in the development of digital marketing in the agricultural industry.