FEATURES OF PLANNING RURAL PARK AREAS

Abstract

The article presents the results of comprehensive research aimed at identifying the main problems and shortcomings of existing village parks in the villages of Slobidka-Kulchiyevetska, Dovzhok and Zinkivtsi, Kamianets-Podilskyi district, Khmelnytskyi region, as well as developing projects for their reconstruction in order to increase aesthetic appeal, improve the phytocenotic structure and functional organization of the territory. Analysis of the state of green spaces showed significant differences between objects. Thus, in the park of the village of Slobidka-Kulchiyevetska, the tree layer is represented mainly by horse chestnut, small-leaved linden and white acacia, the shrub layer is represented by common lilac, privet and spirea. The park in the village of Dovzhok is actively used for public events, however, the share of hard surface is only 11.2%, which is significantly lower than the recommended standards. The worst condition was found in the park of the village of Zinkivtsi, where the share of green spaces is only 3%, which is 20 times less than the norm. Based on the data obtained, functional zoning was developed taking into account recreational, pedestrian, mass, sports, children's and decorative zones. For each of them, an assortment of plants resistant to the climatic and soil conditions of the region was selected, taking into account decorativeness, duration of flowering and seasonal color change. In quiet recreation areas, multispecies landscape groups of coniferous species (Chinese juniper «Stricta», Thuja western «Holmstrup» and «Golden Globe») and deciduous ornamental trees and shrubs (Ginnal maple «Flame», Dogwood white «Elegantissima», Crown chubushnik «Virginal», Viburnum common «Roseum», Mountain ash «Flanrock», Spirea Vangutta «Snow White» are recommended. For mass event zones, groups of Maple sharp-leaved «Globosum», Lilac common «President Grevy», Dogwood white and Spirea Japanese are recommended. The landscaping of the sports grounds involves the used of the Maple sharp-leaved «Globosum», Linden small-leaved «June Bride», and Ash «Autumn Blaze». The children's area is complemented by regular plantings of the Privet «Atrovirens», Spirea Japanese «Golden Princess», Catalpa «Nana», Chestnut horse «Briotii», and Poplar black «Italica». The Linden heart-leaved «Rancho», Willow white «Vitellina», and Ash «Autumn Blaze» as separate accents. Decorative design includes floral arrangements of petunias, tagetes, ageratum, salvia, cineraria, purslane and celosia, taking into account the combination of colors and flowering periods. In addition to plant design, the projects provide for the arrangement of parks with small architectural forms – gazebos, benches, playgrounds, signs, decorative lighting. All structures are proposed to be made of environmentally safe, durable and vandal-resistant materials in accordance with the standards of the State Technical Regulations of Ukraine. The implementation of the projects will contribute to increasing the comfort, aesthetic value and environmental sustainability of parks, preserving biodiversity and improving the conditions for recreation for the population of rural communities.