ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS FOR PRE-WEANING PIGLET MORTALITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2023-1.28Keywords:
pre-weaning piglet mortalit, year, season and month of farrowing, sowsAbstract
The main goal of the work was to analyze the influence of environmental risk factors (year, season and month of farrowing) on the pre-weaning piglet mortality. The primary materials on the reproduction traits of cross-breed sows (Large White × Landrace) kept in the conditions of the private rental enterprise “Viktoria” (Bashtanka Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast) were used. For 682 farrowing’s that were studied, the number of litters in which at least one piglet died before weaning was 394 (57,8 %). Litters in which one (22,3 %) or two (16,4 %) piglets died before weaning were the most common. For all studied sows, the average number of piglets that died before weaning was 1,3 ± 0,1 heads/litter, and the average proportion of piglets that died before weaning was 13,3 ± 0,6 %. The proportion of litters in which at least one piglet died before weaning varied from 53,5 % (for 2017 farrowing’s) to 59,9 % (for 2015 farrowing’s). The mean number of piglets per litter that died from birth to weaning ranged from 1,1 piglets/litter (for 2017 farrowing’s) to 1,5 piglets/litter (for 2016 farrowing’s) and this difference was significant (p < 0,05). The proportion of litters in which at least one piglet died before weaning varied from 53,4 % (for spring farrowing’s) to 66,5 % (for winter farrowing’s) and this difference was significant (p < 0,05). The mean number of piglets per litter that died from birth to weaning ranged from 1,2 piglets/litter (for spring and summer farrowing’s) to 1,7 piglets/litter (for winter farrowing’s) and this difference was significant (p < 0,01). The proportion of litters in which at least one piglet died before weaning varied from 40,4 % (for June farrowing’s) to 77,8 % (for February farrowing’s) and this difference was highly probable (p < 0,001). The average number of piglets per litter that died from birth to weaning varied from 0,9 piglets/litter (for May and November farrowing’s) to 2,3 piglets/litter (for February farrowing’s), and this difference was also highly significant (p < 0,001). Similarly, there was also a highly significant (p < 0,001) difference between the proportion of piglets in the litter that died before weaning in sows that farrowed in May and in February (8,9 and 22,7 %, respectively).
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