MODERN CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES ON IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the current challenges and prospects for improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures in Ukraine. The main issues identified include high heat losses, an outdated housing stock, limited financial resources, and a low level of public awareness regarding energy-efficient technologies. The impact of the military aggression by the Russian Federation, which has caused significant destruction to the energy and housing infrastructure, has been taken into account. This situation necessitates the urgent implementation of energy-saving measures and the restoration of the housing stock based on energy efficiency principles. The study explores Ukraine’s strategic initiatives and regulatory framework in the field of energy efficiency, particularly the requirements of the European Green Deal and the EU Directive on nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB). The key directions for building modernization are outlined, including the use of energy-efficient materials, the adoption of renewable energy sources, the automation of heating and ventilation systems, and the integration of smart energy systems. Financial and regulatory mechanisms that promote energy efficiency improvements are considered, including state support programs, grants, green loans, and international financial assistance. The potential of public-private partnerships for the implementation of large-scale energy modernization projects is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the need to enhance educational initiatives, implement informational campaigns, and engage specialists in the execution of energy efficiency measures.