BACTERIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF OTITIS EXTERNA IN DOGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2025-1.39Keywords:
dogs, ear microflora, otitis externa, etiology, pathogensAbstract
Otitis externa is an inflammation of the external auditory canal, which is a common dermatological disease among dogs. Microorganisms are considered constant favorable factors in the development of this disease. The aim of the study was to characterize and determine the bacterial and fungal microbiota of ear samples from healthy dogs in comparison with clinically affected samples. The study was conducted during 2021–2024 in veterinary clinics of Borshchov, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Chernivtsi. Microbiological studies on the isolation of microflora were carried out using methods generally accepted in microbiological practice. It was found that the most common breeds of dogs suffering from inflammation of the external ear are Labrador (23.4%), Shar Pei (20.1%), German Shepherd (10.3%), Cocker Spaniel (9.6%), French Bulldog (6.4%), Yorkshire Terrier (5.8%) and crossbreeds of dogs characterized by drooping ears (24.5%). No statistically significant differences were found between the studied age categories of dogs and their sex. However, dogs most often suffer from this disease in autumn and spring, which is explained by sharp changes in ambient temperature and a decrease in the efficiency of the immune system. Differences in the microbiota between healthy and affected animals were found. The main bacterial genera that undergo changes are Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas, the frequency of their isolation increased with the development of external otitis media by 1.5 and 27 times. At the same time, Staphylococcus spp., in particular the species S. pseudintermedius (56%), is widely distributed among both healthy and sick animals, while P. aeruginosa (27%) is found to a greater extent in otitis. The most common fungal species among healthy and sick dogs is M. pachydermatis, the number of which increases with the development of otitis, complicating the disease. Therefore, understanding the interaction of pathogens involved in ear infections in dogs and their role in the pathogenesis of otitis externa in dogs is important for the development of new approaches to the prevention and treatment of this disease, without causing dysbacteriosis in the auricle.
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