THE DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF HEMATOBIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN DOGS WITH LIVER PATHOLOGIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2025-1.38Keywords:
liver, dogs, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, hepatitis, cholestasisAbstract
The liver is one of the most important glands in the body, performing numerous biochemical and physiological functions that are critically necessary for metabolism. This allows it to perform its tasks even after significant pathological changes, thanks to its high regenerative capacity and substantial functional reserves. However, liver diseases such as acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholestasis, and cholangiohepatitis are among the leading causes of mortality in dogs. Changes in hematological and biochemical blood parameters can be important indicators for diagnosing these diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs with various liver pathologies. The study was conducted on dogs of different breeds and age groups that visited veterinary clinics. It was found that in chronic hepatitis and cholestasis, the levels of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and hematocrit decrease, which may be associated with circulatory disorders or increased fragility of erythrocytes. Neutrophilia and a decrease in platelet count were observed in all pathologies, indicating bone marrow dysfunction or sequestration of platelets in the spleen. The study also revealed that the activity of transaminases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gammaglutamyltransferase (GGT) increases in cases of hepatitis and cholestasis. A significant increase in bilirubin levels was recorded in cholestasis and chronic hepatitis. Decreased levels of albumin, globulin, and total protein in chronic liver diseases confirm the disturbance in protein metabolism, which may be related to malabsorption and inflammatory processes. A decrease in cholesterol and glucose levels was also noted, reflecting metabolic disturbances in liver diseases. Thus, the study showed that changes in hematological and biochemical parameters can be useful diagnostic markers for detecting and monitoring liver pathologies in dogs.
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