AGROTECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF GROWING POPLAR AS AN ENERGY CROP UNDER UKRAINIAN CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article discusses the prospects of growing poplar as an energy crop under Ukrainian conditions. It describes its high productivity, economic efficiency, and environmental advantages. An analysis of the poplar variety composition is provided, including natural species (Populus nigra, Populus alba, Populus deltoides) and their hybrids (Populus nigra × Populus deltoides, Populus × euramericana, Populus trichocarpa × Populus deltoides). The main factors affecting plantation productivity are identified, including soil type, moisture level, nutrient availability, and climatic conditions. Technological aspects of establishing and maintaining poplar energy plantations are outlined, particularly the selection of quality planting material, propagation methods (by seedlings or cuttings), and optimal agronomic practices, including irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control. The results of research on the adaptability of poplar to various soil and climatic conditions in Ukraine and its ability to quickly accumulate biomass, making it a valuable source of renewable energy, are presented. Significant attention is given to the environmental aspects of growing poplar, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preventing soil erosion, improving water balance, pollution filtration, and promoting biodiversity. The role of poplar plantations in enhancing the ecological stability of agro-landscapes and their contribution to the implementation of sustainable development is highlighted. Data on the ability of poplar plantations to effectively absorb carbon dioxide and their role in reducing the negative impact of industrial pollution are provided. The importance of developing energy forestry in the context of enhancing Ukraine’s energy independence and expanding the use of renewable energy sources is also analyzed. The need for improving agrotechnologies to increase biomass yield, reduce production costs, and stimulate the development of green energy is emphasized. Thus, growing poplar as an energy crop is a strategically important direction that contributes to energy security, environmental stability, and economic benefits for Ukraine’s agricultural sector. The implementation of modern poplar cultivation technologies and the improvement of the regulatory framework will enhance the effectiveness of this direction, ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources and the development of bioenergy.