COMPREHENSIVE USE OF PROBIOTICS AND BISHOPHYTES IN AGROSYSTEMS

Abstract

The issue of using probiotics in the system of protection of agricultural plants is quite innovative and requires further research. Given the prospects of previous studies on the use of bischofite in the system of plant protection, which at the same time is a source of macroelements and microelements and can act as a nutrient medium for beneficial microorganisms, it is advisable to expand the scientific search for innovative environmentally safe means of plant protection, in particular regarding the synergistic action of probiotic preparations and bischofite in the system of plant protection. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to investigate the possibility of using bischofite at different rates of application as a herbicide on winter wheat crops. The article investigates the use of bischofite of different concentrations, namely: 100, 75 and 50% as a herbicide with a rate of 150 l per hectare of winter wheat sowing in the seedling phase. As a result of the study, it was found that after processing winter wheat crops in the spring tillering phase – the beginning of the emergence of the tube, when wheat plants are not sensitive to bischofite, damage to the leaf surface of weeds reaches significant proportions. The greatest reduction in the biomass of weed plants – 88,8% was observed on the site treated with 100% concentration of bischofite. Reducing the number of weeds in crops of this crop leads to an increase in the competitiveness of cultivated plants and improvement of their harvesting conditions. It is substantiated that a mixture of probiotic Sviteсo PBR at a rate of 1 l/t and bischofite – 10 l/t is a fairly effective treatment for winter wheat seeds. The introduction of bischofite as a herbicide in (150 l/ha at 100% concentration) allows to increase the yield of winter wheat by reducing the littering of fields and simultaneously has a fungicidal effect, suppressing spores of pathogens, without negative consequences for the environment, improving the microbial coenosis of the soil, as a result – contributing to the increase in its fertility. The use of a mixture of probiotic and bischofite as a treatment and herbicide on winter wheat crops leads to a significant increase in the yield of this crop. Thus, the use of a mixture of bischofite at 100% dilution and the probiotic Sviteсo PBR in a ratio of 1 : 10 (10 l of bischofite, 1 l of probiotic per 9 l of water per ton of seeds), and the subsequent use of bischofite (100%) as a postemergence herbicide (application rate 150 l/ha) allows to increase the crop yield by 24,3 c/ha, which is 60,4%, respectively, compared to the control.