AI usage policy

The journal establishes this policy to define acceptable and unacceptable uses of artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the preparation of manuscripts, as well as to ensure transparency regarding their use by authors.

Acceptable Use

Authors may use AI tools for supportive purposes, including:

• language editing, grammar correction, and improving readability;
• formatting references and bibliographic data;
• data visualization or technical support that does not affect the interpretation of results.

AI use must not compromise the originality, accuracy, or scientific integrity of the research.

The following uses of AI are prohibited:

• generating scientific content (e.g., results, analysis, or conclusions) without proper verification and accountability by the authors;
• fabricating, falsifying, or manipulating data or sources;
• using AI in a way that constitutes plagiarism or misrepresentation of authorship;
• listing AI tools as authors or co-authors.

Authors remain fully responsible for the content of their manuscripts regardless of AI assistance.

Disclosure Requirements

Authors are required to disclose any use of AI or AI-assisted technologies in manuscript preparation. Disclosures should include:

• the name of the tool(s) used;
• the purpose of use;
• confirmation that all outputs were reviewed and verified by the authors.

This information should be included in a separate section of the manuscript (e.g., “Acknowledgements” or “Author Contributions”).

Editorial and Review Process

Editors and reviewers must not use AI tools in ways that compromise the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts. Any use of AI must comply with ethical standards and data protection requirements.

Responsibility and Compliance

The journal reserves the right to reject or retract manuscripts in cases of undisclosed or inappropriate use of AI. All cases will be handled according to the journal’s ethical policies and COPE guidelines.