FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROBLEM SITUATIONS IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF CHEFS TO WORK IN EXTREME CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article highlights the methodological foundations of forming educational problem situations in the vocational training of cooks for work under extreme conditions. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to ensure the readiness of future specialists to perform tasks in environments characterized by increased risks, limited resources, and lack of time, typical of warfare, natural and man-made disasters, and humanitarian crises. The object of the study is the vocational training of cooks, and the subject is the methodological principles of creating educational problem situations that reproduce real professional challenges.The aim of the article is to substantiate methodological requirements and an algorithm for forming educational problem situations that stimulate the development of professional competencies of students. Three groups of requirements are distinguished: content-related (compliance with real professional difficulties of cooks, focus on one structural element of activity), structural (presence of the known, the unknown, and the condition of contradiction, definition of goals and result criteria), and organizational-methodological (sequence of actions, cognitive-psychological and activity dimensions, level of teacher involvement).An algorithm for constructing an educational problem situation is proposed, covering five stages: identifying the problem, defining the classification feature, formulating through a didactic technique (surprise, conflict, inconsistency, etc.), specifying the goal and result criteria, and checking for the presence of necessary elements. Using the example of the problem «unstable number of consumers», the possibility of various educational options depending on the didactic emphasis is demonstrated.The scientific novelty lies in clarifying methodological requirements and proposing an algorithm for forming educational problem situations in the training of cooks for work under extreme conditions. Prospects for further research involve the development of a typology of such situations and the creation of models for their practical application.