COURSES OF UKRAINIANIZATION AS A FORM OF IMPLEMENTING THE POLICY OF “UKRAINIZATION” IN THE 1920S (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM PODILLIA AND VOLYN)

Abstract

Modern de-Russification of the cultural and educational sphere in Ukraine requires the search for the most effective models of conducting Ukrainization activities, introducing the Ukrainian language into all spheres of socio-political life. The historical past shows that it will be extremely difficult to effectively conduct it only by administrative or directive means. In this context, it is important to research and analyze the experience of the Ukrainian studies courses in the 1920s, which were created by employees of the Ukrainian SSR NCO in 1924-1925. They operated under state, administrative, trade union organizations and were often headed by authoritative educators among the local population, who began their active activities during the Ukrainian National Democratic Revolution of 1917-1921. This article highlights the activities of Ukrainian studies courses, which were created in all provinces and districts of the Ukrainian SSR in 1923 for a more effective and in-depth implementation of the policy of "Ukrainization". The role and significance of Ukrainian studies courses for the national consolidation and self-identification of Ukrainians in Western Podillia and Southeastern Volhynia are highlighted. To achieve this goal, the following issues should be addressed: 1) to determine the main tasks of Ukrainian studies courses and analyze their programs; 2) to highlight the activities of the most famous lecturers of the courses; 3) to show the attitude of employees of the local state, administrative, and Soviet apparatus to the activities of Ukrainian studies courses.Territorially, the work covers the territory of the modern Khmelnytskyi region. The chronological framework of the work is 1923-1930. As is known, in 1930, an administrative-territorial reform was carried out in the Ukrainian SSR, which eliminated districts.After this step of the authorities, the Ukrainian studies courses either disbanded or ceased their activities.When writing the work, both published scientific and local history works were used, as well as documents of the State Archive of the Khmelnytskyi region, little-known to the general public, and materials from the periodical press of that time.