INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE SURVIVAL AND WINTER HARDNESS OF WINTER WHEAT IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEP OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Optimization and improvement of elements of winter wheat cultivation technology to form high productivity and quality of the crop is an important task of agricultural production in Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of a plant growth stimulator and a mycorrhizal preparation at different rates of sowing winter wheat seeds on the survival and winter hardiness of plants in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted during 2022–2025 in the conditions of the Educational and Production Center of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (BNAU). The research used generally accepted methods and techniques in the field of agronomic research, as well as computer programs for processing and summarizing research results. It was studied that the duration of the autumn vegetation period in 2022 was 56 days, with 173 mm of precipitation, in 2024 – 52 days and 131 mm of precipitation. A small amount of precipitation (97 mm) and a shorter autumn vegetation period (49 days) are observed in 2023. However, this allowed the plants to form 2–4 shoots in the fall and accumulate up to 33% sugar per dry matter in the tillering nodes. It was determined that the density of the plant stand before entering winter changed depending on the sowing rate and seed treatment with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend and the growth stimulator Agrostimulin. The best conditions for the formation of winter wheat plant density in both varieties were in the variants with seeding rates of 5,0 and 5,5 million pcs./ha and the use of a mycorrhizal preparation and a plant growth stimulator, both for seed treatment and for spraying crops. The highest winter hardiness of plants is observed in both the Lisova Pisnia variety and the Zorya Laniv variety at seeding rates of 5,0 and 5,5 million pcs./ha with the use of biological preparations Mikofrendu and Agrostimulin, and is in the range from 83,9 to 94,7% in the Lisova Pisnia variety and from 84,0 to 94,4% in the Zorya Laniv variety. In further studies, it is worth studying the effectiveness of the influence of seeding rates with the use of biological preparations on the formation of productivity and quality of winter wheat products.